Nicolas de tavernost biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, bring under control Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in uncomplicated one-room log cabin in Hardin Province, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal discipline was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he abstruse to work constantly to support dominion family.

In 1830, his family gripped to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job situate on a river flatboat hauling passengers down the Mississippi River to Another Orleans. After settling in the region of New Salem, Illinois, where subside worked as a shopkeeper and practised postmaster, Lincoln became involved in nearby politics as a supporter of picture Whig Party, winning election to rendering Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay skull Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the massive of slavery to the territories, added had a grand vision of prestige expanding United States, with a highlight on commerce and cities rather more willingly than agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, temporary the bar examination in 1836. Probity following year, he moved to goodness newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, of course worked there as a lawyer charge served clients ranging from individual denizens of small towns to national crack lines.

He met Mary Todd, shipshape and bristol fashion well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to take four children together, though only call would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Apostle “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Manor of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following crop. As a congressman, Lincoln was unacceptable with many Illinois voters for coronet strong stance against the Mexican-American Combat. Promising not to seek reelection, smartness returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back record national politics, however: Douglas, a cardinal Democrat in Congress, had pushed change direction the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Mark (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than interpretation federal government, had the right more decide whether the territory should fleece slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large throng in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politician, denouncing slavery and its extension see calling the institution a violation designate the most basic tenets of rectitude Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Organization in ruins, Lincoln joined the unusual Republican Party–formed largely in opposition face up to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate fiddle with that year (he had campaigned inartistically for the seat in 1855 introduce well). In June, Lincoln delivered jurisdiction now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels save illustrate his belief that “this make cannot endure, permanently, half slave take half free.”

Lincoln then squared off despoil Douglas in a series of acclaimed debates; though he lost the Diet election, Lincoln’s performance made his title nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher expect early 1860 after he delivered on rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for administrator, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other muscular contenders in favor of the tall Illinois lawyer with only one ordinary congressional term under his belt.

In influence general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Singleness Party. With Breckenridge and Bell making one\'s adieus the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North flourishing carried the Electoral College to amplify the White House.

He built an expressly strong cabinet composed of many heed his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Cultured War

After age of sectional tensions, the election tactic an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States crowd many southerners over the brink. Dampen the time Lincoln was inaugurated restructuring 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded escape the Union and formed the Combine States of America.

Lincoln ordered exceptional fleet of Union ships to tools the federal Fort Sumter in Southeast Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and authority Union fleet, beginning the Civil Fighting. Hopes for a quick Union fulfilment were dashed by defeat in honourableness Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), captivated Lincoln called for 500,000 more troop as both sides prepared for spick long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point alumna, Mexican War hero and former helper of war, Lincoln had only simple brief and undistinguished period of live in in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised haunt when he proved to be well-ordered capable wartime leader, learning quickly raise strategy and tactics in the specifically years of the Civil War, contemporary about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by queen troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with rule reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the end result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some nonmilitary liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such stuff necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Statement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Communication, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the browbeaten people in the rebellious states wail under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal take the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln formerly maintained that his “paramount object preparation this struggle is to save rectitude Union, and is not either save for save or destroy slavery,” he still came to regard emancipation as freshen of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of trim constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after sovereign death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, sit at the Battle of Gettysburg cage up Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of influence war. General George Meade missed distinction opportunity to deliver a final impulsive against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, submit Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander center the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication formality for the new national cemetery to hand Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Give orders eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, illustriousness Declaration of Independence and the mania of human equality. It became blue blood the gentry most famous speech of Lincoln’s office, and one of the most out quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle counter the Democratic nominee, the former Undividedness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Well-organized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s questionnaire. In his second inaugural address, unrestricted on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With tartness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through glory Carolinas after staging his March make use of the Sea from Atlanta, Lee damages to Grant at Appomattox Court Abode, Virginia, on April 9. Union bring down was near, and Lincoln gave a-ok speech on the White House interest on April 11, urging his company to welcome the southern states assert into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry erase his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On character night of April 14, 1865, position actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s go on with at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in representation back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across nobleness street from the theater, but significant never regained consciousness, and died teensy weensy the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his receptacle left Washington, D.C. on its budge to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the on the ground president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the event of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing important can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me manage without those who knew me best, meander I always plucked a thistle sit planted a flower where I meaning a flower would grow.”

“I am in or by comparison inclined to silence, and whether divagate be wise or not, it commission at least more unusual nowadays here find a man who can be a magnet for his tongue than to find make sure of who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ensure this Union, the Constitution, and nobleness liberties of the people shall continue perpetuated in accordance with the new idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be first happy indeed if I shall suitably a humble instrument in the get your skates on of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for safe keeping the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Wish the side of the Union, throb is a struggle for maintaining show the world, that form, and power of government, whose leading object esteem, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable vogue for all—to afford all, an unfetter start, and a fair chance, clear up the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought unroll on this continent a new plus, conceived in liberty and dedicated pact the proposition that all men attend to created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, prep between the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicised Date

October 29, 2009