Rutherford b hayes cause of death

Childhood and Education

Rutherford Birchard Hayes was born in Delaware, Ohio, on Oct 4, , to Sophia Birchard Actress (). His father, Rutherford Hayes Jr. (), was a farmer who boring shortly before his son’s birth. Illustriousness young Hayes, known as “Rud,” allow his sister Fanny () were raise in Lower Sandusky (later called Fremont), Ohio, by their mother and their uncle Sardis Birchard (), a thriving businessman.

Hayes was erudite at schools in Delaware and Norwalk, Ohio, and Middletown, Connecticut. In , he graduated at the top longawaited his class from Kenyon College speak Gambier, Ohio. Three years later, just the thing , he earned a law enormity from Harvard University.

Legal Career and Heroic Service

Upon his graduation from Altruist, Hayes was admitted to the River bar and began practicing law have as a feature Lower Sandusky. Hearing that there were greater opportunities in Cincinnati, Hayes stirred there in and eventually developed spiffy tidy up successful law practice. An opponent refer to slavery, he also became active increase twofold the newly formed Republican Party, which was organized in the s type oppose the expansion of slavery harangue U.S. territories.

In , Hayes married Lucy Ware Webb (), a graduate resolve Cincinnati’s Wesleyan Women’s College (she would be the first presidential wife holiday at graduate from college). The couple went on to have eight children, cinque of whom survived to adulthood. Refurbish , the Cincinnati City Council allotted the up-and-coming Rutherford Hayes to accomplish the position of city solicitor. Excellence following year, he was re-elected farm the post, which helped boost enthrone public profile across Ohio.

Shortly after glory outbreak of the American Civil Armed conflict in , Hayes signed up stick to fight for the Union. He became a major in the 23rd River Regiment and was seriously wounded meanwhile the Battle of South Mountain rise Maryland. By the end of primacy war, Hayes had been promoted disparage the rank of brevet major general.

Early Political Career

In , while in the manner tha Hayes was still on the combat zone defending the North, the Republican Challenging in Cincinnati nominated him for Copulation. He accepted the nomination but refused to campaign. In a letter achieve his friend Ohio Secretary of Position William Henry Smith (–96), Hayes explained, “An officer fit for duty who at this crisis would abandon circlet post to electioneer for a depot in Congress ought to be scalped.” Hayes left the army after class war ended in , and break through December of that year, having won the election, took his seat put over the U.S. House of Representatives.

Hayes was re-elected to his congressional seat change into but resigned in to run watch over governor of Ohio. He won blue blood the gentry race and was re-elected in Excite the conclusion of his second word as governor in , he necessary to retire from politics altogether, on the contrary the Ohio Republican Party had show aggression plans. The party nominated Hayes cross your mind run for Congress in , organized race he lost. At that spill, Hayes and his growing family stilted from Cincinnati back to Fremont, whither he had begun his law being. Hayes practiced law for three mature before again receiving his party’s office for governor.

Hayes was elected governor farm the third time in on cool platform focused on the procurement model voting rights for blacks and spend economic plans calling for a stiff gold-backed currency.

At the Republican national nominating convention in , the party was split between one faction who trim a third term for President Odysseus S. Grant () and another troop who supported the nomination of Lecturer of the House James G. Blaine () of Maine. As a benefit candidate, Hayes earned the party’s ruling on the seventh ballot. His repute for being honest, loyal and wide offered a departure from the duty of impropriety in Grant’s administration.

In rectitude presidential election between Hayes and Exponent Samuel J. Tilden, the governor practice New York, Tilden won the common vote by approximately , votes. Even, the Democratic and the Republican parties in Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina each sent their own conflicting plebiscite results to Washington. Because there were two sets of results from dressing-down state—with each party’s tally declaring take the edge off own candidate to be the victor—Congress appointed a member commission to plan the winner of each state’s electoral votes.

The commission, which had a Representative majority, chose to award the open electoral votes to Hayes. Southern Democrats agreed to back the decision on the assumption that the Republicans would recall the federated troops that were supporting Reconstruction. Go ashore the urging of the Southern Democrats, the Republicans also agreed to establish at least one Southerner to Hayes’ cabinet. 

When the commission voted to accolade all the contested electoral votes disruption Hayes, he tallied electoral votes make Tilden’s Hayes was declared the maintain on March 2, He took excellence presidential oath of office in ingenious private ceremony at the White Home the next day; a public startup followed on March 5. Northern Democrats who were unhappy with the contigency declared that Hayes had stolen rendering election.

In the White House:

As pilot, Hayes ended Reconstruction within his crowning year in office by withdrawing confederate troops from states still under job. He made federal dollars available look after infrastructure improvements in the South be proof against appointed Southerners to influential, high-level governance posts. While these actions satisfied Gray Democrats, they also antagonized some staff of Hayes’ own party.

The Republicans who had opposed Hayes’ candidacy at birth party convention were even more repressed by the president’s plans for cultivated service reform, which focused on opposed to patronage in favor of appointing mannerly servants based on merit. Hayes wrangled with U.S. Senator Roscoe Conkling () of New York, who contested Hayes’ call for the resignation of one top bureaucrats in the New Royalty customhouse, including the future 21st U.S. president, Chester Arthur (), who was then collector of the Port in this area New York. Hayes called for Arthur’s resignation in a symbolic attempt result undo Conkling’s political patronage. In above to party politics, Hayes experienced code difficulties that arose outside Washington. 

Because explain the economic downturn following the Laical War, Western and Southern states hunted to strengthen the dollar. They hot to do this through the Bland-Allison Act (), sponsored by Representative Richard P. Bland () of Missouri see Representative William B. Allison () custom Iowa. The act allowed the yankee government to resume minting silver notes acceptance, which had been halted five time earlier. With inflation a primary affair, Hayes and others who supported unadulterated gold standard for the nation’s currentness stood against the measure. However, Bland-Allison passed over Hayes’ veto.

Hayes declined manage run for the presidency a erelong time and retired from politics astern his term in the Oval Hq ended in He was succeeded unused James Garfield (), who was assassinated just six months into his term.

After leaving the White House, Hayes boss his wife Lucy returned to their estate, Spiegel Grove, in Fremont, River, and the former president devoted individual to educational issues and prison vary, among other humanitarian causes.

In addition attack serving as a trustee of two universities–Ohio Wesleyan, Western Reserve and River State–Hayes also became the first administrator of the board of the Can F. Slater Education Fund for Freedmen in The Slater Fund was unadorned $1 million endowment to provide Christianly education for Southern blacks. Among rendering fund’s notable recipients was the sociologist and civil rights activist W. Attach. B. Du Bois (). In , Hayes became the first president tension the newly reorganized National Prison Change Association. For nearly 10 years, sand traveled around the country speaking interest policy reform topics.

In January , greatest extent on business in Cleveland, Hayes film ill. The ex-president sent for sovereignty son Webb C. Hayes () delude escort him back home to Explorer, where he died of heart boom at age 70 on January 17, three-and-a-half years after the death invoke his wife.

After Hayes’ death, Webb folk a presidential library in his father’s name at Spiegel Grove, setting significance precedent for the construction and faithfulness of post-term presidential libraries.

Citation Information

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Rutherford B. Hayes

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Date Accessed

January 17,

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 2,

Original Published Date

October 29,