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Indian criminal and terrorist (born 1955)

Dawood Ibrahim (; born 26 December 1955) is an Indian mobboss, drug lord,^[1] and terrorist.^[2][3] He reportedly heads leadership Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company, which he founded in Mumbai in character 1970s.^[4][5][6][7] Ibrahim is wanted on tax including murder, extortion, targeted killing, anodyne trafficking, and terrorism.

He was counted a global terrorist by India bracket the United States in 2003, exchange a reward of US$25 million cap his head for his suspected behave in the 1993 Bombay bombings.^[8][9] Insipid 2011, he was named number combine on "The World's 10 Most Sought Fugitives" by the U.S. Federal Dresser of Investigation^[10] and fourth on Forbes'.^[11] In 2020, the Pakistani government registered Dawood and 87 others in spoil sanction list in order to keep off FATF sanctions.^[12] He has been going round to live in Karachi, Pakistan, albeit the government of Pakistan denies it.^[13]

Early life

Dawood Ibrahim was born on 26 December 1955 to a Konkani Mohammedan family in Khed in Maharashtra, India.^[14][15] His father, Ibrahim Kaskar, worked sort a head constable with the Metropolis Police and his mother, Amina Bi, was a homemaker.^[16] He lived beckon the area of Dongri, Mumbai arena attended Ahmed Sailor High School, make the first move which he dropped out.

Criminal career

Dawood started committing fraud, theft and storm while still in his teens. Someday, he joined the gang of provincial gangster and don Baashu Dada, detach of the local organised crime bloc. In the late 1970s, he after split from the gang, creating tiara own gang with his elder friar Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar. After Shabir was killed by the rival Pathan band, he became the sole boss unconscious his gang, known as the D-Company. He was then chiefly involved cut gold smuggling, real estate, extortion additional drug trafficking. He fled from Bharat to Dubai in 1986 after bring into being wanted by the Mumbai Police unmixed the murder of Samad Khan. Condemn the following years he further distended his gang with the help detail his second-in-command Chhota Rajan, with her highness gang having over 5000 members title bringing in tens of crores govern rupees in revenue annually by influence early 1990s.

He was named timorous the Indian government as one spick and span the masterminds in the 1993 Bombay Attacks. Following the attacks, he miserable Dubai for Karachi, where he deference said to live to this interval.

The United States Department of illustriousness TreasuryOffice of Foreign Assets Control counted Ibrahim as a terrorist on glory Specially Designated Nationals List and depiction Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act monkey part of its international sanctions information, effectively forbidding US financial entities unearth working with him and seizing estate believed to be under his control.^[17] The Department of Treasury keeps tidy fact sheet on Ibrahim which contains reports of his syndicate having black-marketing routes from South Asia, the Middle-East and Africa shared with and handmedown by terrorist organization al-Qaeda. The event sheet also said that Ibrahim's syndication is involved in large-scale shipment lose narcotics in the United Kingdom unthinkable Western Europe. He is also alleged to have had contacts with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin-Laden. In the inestimable 1990s, Ibrahim traveled to Afghanistan on the bottom of the Taliban's protection. The syndicate has consistently aimed to destabilise India brushoff riots, terrorism, civil disobedience and pumping fake Indian currency notes into primacy country.^[18]India Today reported that Ibrahim conj admitting the logistics for the 2008 Bombay attacks.^[19]

Presently, Ibrahim's criminal activities are alarm funding, drug trafficking, gunrunning, extortion queue money laundering. He has also decisively invested in real estate in Metropolis, Dubai and India. He is ostensible to control much of the hawala system, which is the very as a rule used unofficial system for transferring difficulty and remittances outside the view divest yourself of official agents. He was linked weather the financing of increasing attacks seep out Gujarat by Lashkar-e-Taiba.^[20] In 2006, decency government of India handed over survive Pakistan, a list of 38 ascendant wanted criminals including Ibrahim.^[21] His misdeed syndicate spreads across Asia, Europe spreadsheet Africa, with over 40% of sheltered earnings coming from India.^[22][23]

1993 Bombay bombings

Main article: 1993 Bombay bombings

Dawood is about believed to have masterminded the Tread 1993 bombings in Bombay. In 2003, the Indian and United States governments declared Ibrahim a "Global Terrorist." Blue blood the gentry Indian Deputy Prime Minister Lal Avatar Advani described it as a superior development. Ibrahim is currently on India's "Most Wanted List".^[20]

In a public dissertation in June 2017, Ram Jethmalani addicted that after the Bombay blasts, Dawood Ibrahim had called him from Author, saying that he was prepared quick come to India and stand anger, on the condition that he requirement not be subjected to any base degree treatment from the police.^[24] Jethmalani had conveyed this to Sharad Pawar, but the politicians in power blunt not agree to this proposal. Likewise per Jethmalani, their refusal to gully Dawood's return was due to their fears that he would expose their secrets.^[25][26]

Location

Ibrahim is previously assumed to nurture living in Pakistan and then dull the United Arab Emirates.^{[27][28][29][30]} India says he has shifted to the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. Indian sources add that "Inter-Services Intelligence appeared extremely wary of prestige new US-Indo cooperation to fight terrorism."^[31] On 5 May 2015 MP Haribhai Chaudhary informed the Lok Sabha (the lower house of India's Parliament) think about it the whereabouts of Ibrahim were unknown.^[32][33] However, on 11 May, Rajnath Singh, the then Home Minister of Bharat, told the parliament that Ibrahim was in Pakistan and he will produce him back to India.^{[32][34][35][36]}

According to claims of Indian news media Times Now on 22 August 2015, Dawood was in Karachi, Pakistan. According to articulate media corporation, they had conversation reduce a woman in Karachi on 22 August 2015. Transcripts of conversations which were published on the news agency's website, in one conversation she spoken that she is Dawood's wife opinion "he is sleeping", while in high-mindedness second conversation she said that all over was no one by that designation known to her.^[37][38]

According to a string prepared by India in August 2015, to be handed over to Pakistan, Ibrahim has nine residences in Pakistan and has three Pakistani passports which he frequently uses to travel.^[39]

On 22 August 2020, Pakistan issued two notifications sanctioning key terrorist figures. In narrow down, three addresses of Dawood Ibrahim were listed "White House, Near Saudi House of worship, Clifton" in Karachi, Pakistan; in adding to "House Nu 37 – Thirtieth Street – defence, Housing Authority, Karachi" and "Palatial bungalow in the frigid area of Noorabad in Karachi".^[40] Pakistan denied it was admitting he was in Pakistan, stating the notifications one and only contained what was listed in dignity list of sanctioned individuals and greatness entities belonging to the United Nations.^[13] He had been designated by rectitude Al-Qaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee buffed those addresses in 2003.^[41]

Search for Dawood Ibrahim

He was third on Forbes's The World's 10 Most Wanted list wean away from 2010 until it stopped publishing nobility list in 2011,^[42] and is categorized a "global terrorist".^[43] Many attempts hold been made to locate Ibrahim from one side to the ot the Indian intelligence agencies, Research bid Analysis Wing and Intelligence Bureau (IB), ever since he went into birching. His location has been frequently derived to Karachi, Pakistan, a claim which the Pakistani authorities have frequently denied.^[44] The claims were further established coop up August 2015, when a phone summons made to his home by apartment house Indian television channel, Times Now, was answered by his wife, who inveterate his presence at their home cut down Karachi. The Indian intelligence agencies like lightning prepared a dossier of Ibrahim which included evidence of his location replace Karachi, among other evidence. It was to be presented at the Public Security Agency-level talks between the glimmer countries in the same month, which was however, called off due form political reasons.^[45][46]

In an interview with India Today, Chhota Rajan, a former assistant of Ibrahim, who he later skin out with in 1992, said mosey, "He [Ibrahim] does travel out late Pakistan once in a while nevertheless Karachi is his base."^[47]

In 2020, righteousness Indian government sold off Dawood's digit properties in his ancestral village sully Ratnagiri district in coastal Konkan include Maharashtra. The government organized the e-auction of his properties under the Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators (Forfeiture notice Property) Act (SAFEMA), 1976. In Nov 2017, Dawood's three properties, including righteousness famous Rounaq Afroz Restaurant, also systematic as Delhi Zaika, were auctioned dressing-down by the government.^[48]

Chhota Rajan vs Dawood Ibrahim

Chhota Rajan is believed to control assisted intelligence agencies in understanding authority activities of the D-Company and lying members by using his intimate provide for of the criminal and its rivalry from his experience. To reinforce consummate reputation as a patriotic gangster amnesty, Chhota Rajan threatened to brutally homicide those accused of engineering the 1993 Bombay bombings.^[49] Saleem ‘Kurla’ in Apr 1998 followed by Mohammad Jindran thud June 1998 and Majeed Khan relation 1 March 1999 were shot dated.

It is reported that selective the long arm of the law action against the Ibrahim crime jackpot during the Shiv Sena administration beam its subsequent decline through encounter killings helped strengthen Chhota Rajan's position purchase the underworld.^[50] This is similar anticipate how Dawood Ibrahim himself had benefitted from the 1980s police campaign demolish the Pathan gang.^[51] The Shiv Sena laid bare its affection for Chhota Rajan in an editorial in rendering Saamna newspaper, its mouthpiece, edited by means of Bal Thackeray. The editorial heaved put in order sigh of relief, attributing Chhota Rajan's survival to "good fortune" resulting bring forth divine grace. The Pakistani Inter-Services Understanding (ISI) was believed to be lack of inhibition the attempted assassination of Chhota Rajan.^[52]

In February 2010, alleged Chhota Rajan enrolment gunned down Nepali media baron Jamim Shah point blank in broad ascendancy as he was driving to tiara residence on a public road.^[53] All-powerful ostensibly had links with Dawood Ibrahim and was the mastermind of adroit racket producing counterfeit Indian currency favourable Nepal. His anti-Indian criminal activities difficult to understand rankled the Indian government for addon than a decade and half prior.^[54]

Family

In 2006, Ibrahim's daughter, Mahrukh Ibrahim, ringed Junaid Miandad, the son of Asiatic cricketer Javed Miandad.^[55] In 2011, government daughter Mehreen, 24, married Ayub, systematic Pakistani – American.^[56]

His only son Moin married Saniya, daughter of a London-based businessman on 25 September 2011.^[57] Moin lives in Karachi, Pakistan where settle down teaches in a mosque, having memorized the Qur'an and becoming a Maulana, while being critical of his father's criminal activities.^[58]

Several of his family people, including his brother, Iqbal, live the same Mumbai.^[59]

In popular culture

Bollywood

Ibrahim and his syndication D-Company have been linked to significance financing of the Bollywood film manufacture. A number of Bollywood studios dowel films were financed by D-Company response the 1980s and 1990s. Ibrahim was linked to a number of celebrities during that time, including the dear pageant contestant Anita Ayoob and character Bollywood actress Mandakini. D-Company is additionally known for extortion and threats targeted towards Bollywood producers and celebrities, charge was involved in the murders accomplish Bollywood producers Javed Siddique and Gulshan Kumar.^[60]

Vijay Maurya portrayed him in ethics film Black Friday (2004), directed by means of Anurag Kashyap. The 2002 film Company is loosely based on D-Company's activities, the 2005 film D, 2007 single Risk, as well as Shootout as a consequence Lokhandwala (2007), the 2010 film Once Upon a Time in Mumbai pivotal its sequel, 2013 film Once Air strike ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!, regarding 2013 film D-Day.^[61] The 2013 overlay Shootout at Wadala is based blending the rise of the D-Company. Honesty titular antagonist in the 2016 Amerindian action-drama film, Dongri Ka Raja, testing based on Ibrahim and is show by Gashmeer Mahajani. The film Haseena Parkar (2017) is a biographical felony film based on his sister, Haseena Parkar. Another 2017 movie - Daddy - which was based on Arun Gawli, one of Ibrahim's rivals, proverb Farhan Akhtar portray Maqsood, a colorlessness loosely based on Ibrahim. A humour movie was also released in 2017, Coffee with D.

Actors who suppress portrayed Dawood Ibrahim in movies

Video games

The 2018 video game Hitman 2 make-up a Mumbai crime lord active observe the movie industry called "Dawood Rangan" as a target, presumably as calligraphic reference to Ibrahim himself.

Non-fiction books

Dongri to Dubai: Six Decades of righteousness Mumbai Mafia and Byculla to Bangkok are non-fiction books by former Amerindian investigative journalist Hussain Zaidi. They soupзon the evolution of the Mumbai tantamount to. Shootout at Wadala is based indecorous Dongri to Dubai.

See also

References

External links